Negocios Internacionales

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Analizar factores potenciales para la oferta exportable de servicios turísticos en los parques nacionales naturales de Colombia
Mosquera Machuca, Elizabeth; Pardo Monsalve, Yesica Rocio; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
This research exposes the current situation, development and competitiveness of the National Parks of Colombia (PNNC) in the increase of foreign tourism, from the position of different influential actors. In this way, Porter's "Diamond" is evidenced through the model, with its theory of competitiveness, the advantages and disadvantages of the National Natural Parks of Colombia (PNNC) as potential for the export of nature tourism services. In the first place, it shows the wealth and the tourist potential with the country, as are the 59 natural areas that are attractive for the long term of the national territory, both for the development of ecological activities, as for rural tourism and tourism. tourism adventure, focusing on the National Natural Parks PNN as potential to strengthen the tourism sector, as well as the subsectors involved in the development of logistics activities and road infrastructure, cultural contribution to the Colombian economy and therefore generating more employment. It was determined that nature tourism in the PNNC has negative variables that delay and make the country less competitive with the sector, as they have done over the years corruption, war, inefficiency of infrastructure, lack of policies and rules for the development of competitive businesses, resulting in the lack of organization and cooperation between the entities involved, to generate complementary and linked services, as a result of slow growth in the sector despite the potential with that account.
Barreras arancelarias y no arancelarias para la exportación de uchuva (physalis peruviana) hacia Canadá
Peréz-Forero, Andrés Felipe; Tibaduiza-Ortiz, David Fernando; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
In the present investigation the analysis of the tariff and tariff barriers applied to the Colombian cape goose at the time of its production and export to Canada is developed. A qualitative research methodology is used where the demands and restrictions of these countries are analyzed at the time of conducting a commercial operation, seeking to provide the necessary information so that exporters can have a more effective way to Canadian demand, where He knows that the country is characterized by having consumers who demand healthy food, in this dynamic gooseberries have an important field of action to grow in this market, therefore, identify the factors necessary to export the Colombian product. The concessions and transactions made in the FTA Free Trade Agreement with Canada that grant a benefit to the Colombian gooseberry were identified thanks to the classification of this in the group of taxed products that is to say that they pay 0% tariff, analyzing the effect it had in exports to the target country. On the other hand, the tariff barriers imposed by Canada for the entry of food to meet local demand with high quality products affected in parameters that seek to protect human health and agricultural health are analyzed. The last point was the strategic trade policy issue imposed by countries and their relationship with commercial import and export operations, determining the impact of this theory in the economies of the countries, affected in 2 main points which They refer to the protection of the national industry and the incentive for producers and traders to offer a competitive digital product in an international market.
Caracterización de la situación actual de las artes escénicas como industria cultural en Colombia
Quintero Cardenas, Cristian Camilo; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
The present study analyze the development of the Orange Economy in Colombia since 2011 with the creation of the Orange Law (Law 1493 of 2011), because thanks to this, the industry is gaining strength because of its different subsectors, especially Performing Arts, subsector highlighted in the present work with the aim of characterizing its current situation as driving force of the industry and as a contributor to social development through events such as the Festival Iberoamericano de Teatro de Bogota. For the development of this research used a qualitative character with a descriptive approach methodology based on secondary sources. Starting with the definitions of Economy and Culture, to visualize the existing relationship between both concepts and presents an approach to the description of Performing Arts as a subsector inside Cultural Industry, that promotes social and economic development; as a representative sub-sector is an important contributor to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP); and as a service it shows high export potential.
Competitividad de productos terminados e intermedios de las plantas aromáticas, medicinales, condimentarías y afines -PAMCA.
Betancurth-España, Isabel Fernanda; Pinzón-Ibáñez, Erika-Julieth; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
The aromatic, medicinal and flavoring plants are of great importance at market level, since through these pharmaceutical, culinary, cosmetic, ornamental products are developed among others; Apart from that these can be obtained in various presentations such as oils, fresh, dehydrated and powdered. However, in Colombia the production of this type of plants is quite low in relation to the number of hectares in which it can be cultivated, which evidences the lack of use that is given to the subsector having so many opportunities at national and international level. Because of this, it is necessary to develop different strategies that allow generating greater progress and competitiveness of the subsector based on actions, policies and institutions that encourage its growth to generate better results. Therefore, for the postulation of these strategies in the present work, a qualitative approach investigation is carried out with a descriptive type of investigation to determine the prevailing conditions and the patterns of the object of study taking into account as theoretical reference the theory of systemic competitiveness of Klaus which emphasizes innovation and its application in all areas of the company as a key development factor based on the four levels of analysis (micro, meso, macro and goal).
Competitividad del algodón orgánico en Colombia
Caviedes-Bacaraldo, Gerardo Nicolas; Herrera-Moreno, David Estevan; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
The purpose of this research is to analyze the competitiveness of organic cotton in Colombia, making known the capacity that it may have in subjects such as climatic, geographical conditions, variety of natural wealth, diversity in soils for the massive cultivation of organic cotton, the environmental plans and activities that could be carried out to generate an innovation in the productive processes, the commercialization of said input and its possible participation in the international market where the nation could obtain a competitive advantage over many rival countries at regional and international level that are pioneers or carry some baggage in the cultivation of the input Colombian agriculture is not fully prepared for the implementation of organic production this is due to a lag in terms of innovation, skilled labor, road infrastructure, state-of-the-art technology, certificates with organic and social responsibility standards, very few companies acquire them and this generates little commitment to the environment, the armed conflict is a relevant factor since for decades it has destroyed the countryside, the government has tried to eradicate this problem with the help of the directly affected entities, but the results are not top.
Componentes de internacionalización de las industrias culturales y creativas en Colombia
Atanache Gonzalez, Juliana Maria; Folleco Sierra, Yurimar; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
In Colombia, Cultural and Creative Industries (CCI) enjoy high levels of mind-reading (raw material based on talent, intellectual property and cultural heritage), the Chambers of Commerce and Culture, have been working in recent years to notice the importance of formalization and competitiveness of these industries. In addition to wanting to increase production and marketing levels, exports are also being promoted, with the ideal of said cultural goods and services with export potential going abroad, guiding entrepreneurs to carry out said export process with prior knowledge. How is that process, what conditions should be to complete it with the least margin of error possible, and study which place is better to export? To carry out the export activity, a businessman who does not have much knowledge about this subject, the first thing he does is to find out about how this process is carried out, not only to register as an exporting company, but to classify the product, analyze the market or demand, analyze the requirements of the country to which it is intended, recognize whether or not it is ready as a company to carry out such process and maintain it in time, among other aspects.
Corea del Sur como posible mercado para el Açaí colombiano
Caicedo-Diaz, Luisa Fernanda; Guerrero-Duitama, Ingrid Natalia; Benavides-Ballén, William Mateo; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
The general objective of this project is to analyze the opportunity for the export of Colombian Açaí to the South Korean market. To carry out this, an investigation will be carried out from a descriptive qualitative approach, which, based on the studies carried out, will proceed to carry out the corresponding analyzes, the collection of this information consulted is based on a documentary review. The analysis of the information is structured from the definition of categories of analysis of own elaboration taking as reference the theory of Competitive Advantage of Michael Porter. From the analysis carried out, it is evident that there is an opportunity to export Açaí to South Korea given that Colombia is one of the largest providers of exotic fruits in the world and that the cultivable territories of Açaí extend throughout the Amazon, the Pacific and part of the Colombian Putumayo, which represents an advantage to generate a high production and supply of the product to export and cover the possible growth of demand in the South Korean market, has government support programs that facilitate production and subsequent export, also supported by the Treaty of Free Trade with South Korea, which represents an opportunity to enter the market more easily and a relief in the payment of customs taxes at destination.
Efectos de la adopción del sello Rainforest Alliance en la competitividad del sector cacaotero en el mercado internacional
Velasquez Guevara, Jorge Andres; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
The purpose of this research is to establish the impacts on the competitiveness of the cocoa sector by being certified with the Rainforest Alliance seal, the international scope where the seal is present and analyzing its advantages and obstacles was examined. To carry out this document, the documentary collection was taken as a support, since the information was obtained from secondary sources such as documents, books or research, where the existence of the seal was identified, in a small cocoa sector in Colombia, for a short period, despite complying with the requirements and being granted the certification, they did not obtain one of the expected benefits, that of selling their product to foreign markets, which demanded large quantities of certified cocoa, and obtaining prizes in the price of 5% to 15%. %. But the production did not meet the required amounts. If this is the case in the world market, where the seal has shown benefits to certified growers, such as Côte d'Ivoire, which is currently the world's largest producer of certified cocoa, according to the Rainforest Alliance in 2012, cocoa farms with the seal in this country produced 40 % more cocoa per hectare than non-certified farms, additional net income increased almost four times.
Efectos de la inversión extranjera directa en promoción de las energías renovables en Colombia
Camacho-Rodríguez, Karol Michell; Chaparro-Sarmiento, Derly Julieth; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
Renewable energies are increasingly involved in the world in search of adopting an alternative that counteracts years of pollution and in turn search for profitability and exponential growth through the predominant natural resources in each country, guaranteeing global energy efficiency. Taking into account the benefits that investment brings to both connected and unconnected places, it will allow the area to advance both economically, socially and energetically. Highlighting Colombia since having diverse natural resources brings with it a striking direct foreign investment allowing an adoption to change guaranteeing energy efficiency and economic, social and cultural development. That is why this research analyzes the effect of foreign direct investment in promoting renewable energy in Colombia, taking into account a global and national perspective of the adoption and investment of renewable energy. For this, a qualitative approach and descriptive-interpretative research was developed, advancing the collection of information from the document review and analysis from categories. As a theoretical reference, the dynamic theory of Ozawa (1992) was worked.
Las estrategias de las Industrias Culturales en Corea del Sur comparadas con las industrias culturales de Colombia
Forero-Triana, Laura Alejandra; Monroy-Bedoya, Jessica Natalia; Ramos-Rivas, Claudia; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
Cultural and Creative Industries can help a country develop, one of the best examples being the Republic of Korea for the amount of culture it exports through what is known as the "Korean wave" or "Hallyu". Based on the analysis of the strategies implemented by South Korea to boost its cultural industries, a parallel is drawn with Colombia, since the cultural diversity and development of the industry in the country shows great capacity for the growth of the industry. The laws and incentives that promoted the cultural industries in South Korea allowed the creation of a large infrastructure and new companies for the creation of content or production inside of the territory, in the midst of all this, the government has been watchful about the needs of each one of the sectors and subsectors to promote the develop of cultural industries. Therefore, it seeks to answer the question: What strategies has South Korea implemented to position its cultural industries? The research was developed through a qualitative approach of a descriptive type, with a collection of information through a documentary review of public institutions and secondary sources such as magazines and newspapers. From this it is possible to observe the importance of the State and the private sector within both industries and despite their marked differences Colombia could adapt these strategies in order to potentiate its industry.
Estrategias de mejoramiento para la cadena productiva del sector cacaotero de Colombia a partir del caso ecuatoriano
Mojica Achury, Michael; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
This work wanted to analyze the cocoa production of a country like Ecuador, which has a strong production chain, which allows it to be one of the new players in the international cocoa market worldwide. Ecuador has a large land area destined for the sowing and production of cocoa beans, and divides its national production in regions that sow, harvest and produce cocoa, one of the regions that produces more cocoa a year is the coastal region, since it has 446,266 hectares planted, of which it uses 365,843 hectares to harvest the cocoa, generating sales of 165,415 tons. (National Institute of Statistics and Census, 2017). In the Colombian case, the productive chain is very little technified, post-harvest processes do not have technical assistance, in addition to problems in the link of the crop, since although it is true that in comparison with Ecuador, the hectares destined to cocoa crops are smaller, cocoa plantations or cacao trees are aged, so they are not 100% of their production capacity, this added to the almost null certification of Colombian cocoa.
Estrategias digitales como promotoras de la internacionalización del Área de Artes y Patrimonio dentro de las industrias culturales en Colombia
Lozano-Roncancio, Jairo Sneider; Rozo-Palacios, Paola Andrea; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
This article analyzes the effect that digital strategies have on the commercialization and internationalization of cultural industries in Colombia specifically in the Art and Patrimony Area, in this sense it is of great importance to provide information that contributes to the identification of strategies that have greater impact in the growth of this area. It was developed under a qualitative research methodology, based on the interpretation of information to obtain knowledge of the influence of digital strategies as promoters of the internationalization of this area in Colombia. Cultural and creative industries have a significant participation in GDP of Colombia, is an industry that employs thousands of people and the world is already consolidated as an influential industry both for job creation and for economic and technological development. There are both a network of companies at the national level and regional and international agreements that facilitate the circulation of cultural knowledge, companies, goods and services, and it was found that there are traditional and digital promotion and internationalization strategies. It is recognized that the area that generates the most added value in Colombia is functional creations, new media and software, this positioning is an opportunity that the arts and patrimony area has to generate digital internationalization strategies. Digital commerce is an inexpensive and low-risk way for the internationalization of microenterprises and SMEs, which allows to overcome the obstacles of traditional internationalization by taking advantage of digital platforms that promote cooperation between industries.
Factores de éxito de la internacionalización de la empresa Oriflame Cosmetics
Neira Rueda, Ronald Leonardo; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
The present work has as a general objective to identify the success factors for the internationalization of the company Oriflame Cosmetics, illustrating how its penetration in the international cosmetics market has been generated. In accordance with the above, the factors that caused the internationalization of cosmetics are analyzed, so that it can serve as an example for companies seeking internationalization of products in our country. The methodology used in this work is qualitative with a descriptive approach to give more clarity to this project by analyzing and compiling information databases. The main finding of this research is to show that one of the aspects that generated an added value for this company, in relation to the companies that are dedicated to the commercialization of cosmetic products, is the sustainability approach that Oriflame Cosmetics handles, since that through this the company seeks to mitigate environmental impacts.
Fortalecimiento del subsector de las artes escénicas con la construcción de la cadena de valor, el caso de estudio de la Fundación Ambrosia Colombiana
Avila Benito, Carol Stefani; López Moreno, Ednna Zulay; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
In Colombia, the Cultural and Creative Industries have great human capital, full of talent and cultural heritage. The government of recent years has focused and has worked to raise awareness of the importance of the sector, participation and the boom it has had internationally, which opens the way to an important role for the orange economy, demonstrating the importance of training, the contribution generated by GDP, the creation of new jobs, among others. To carry out the analysis, the case of the study of the Ambrosia Colombiana Foundation was carried out and emphasis was placed on the work on Professor Michael Porter's theory with the value chain, and how this power of assistance helps to remain profitable and competitive. In the market, highlighting its strengths, aspects to improve and new processes to implement in the Foundation; the present sector is related to the purpose of generating the bases and the starting point which can be identified their capacities and failures, as well as the sector and the subsector, developing and applying strategies that allow them to be sustainable over time and profitable. Taking into account the participation and the role played by the state.
Gestión ambiental empresarial en el sector de cuero en Bogotá como estrategia competitiva para ingresar al mercado europeo
Martinez Diaz, Sandra Milena; Cortes Borda, Brayan Smith; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
The production of leather in Colombia is one of the most important activities for the textile industry, since the country is characterized by a great cattle source which comes from the raw material for the sector of leather, footwear and leather goods, although not be very competitive, formed a cluster in the city of Bogotá comprising 30,000 formal companies in all the links of the productive chain. This industry is ranked as one of the most polluting in the city due to industrial processes that takes place, mainly in the tannery, where is the process of ribera, tanning, finishing in humid and dry finish that generates strong impacts envelopes water resources, effects on the soil and the air, also impacts on human health. The European Union has a great affinity with products that are responsible for the environment, and can be also noted that it has strict legislation for the entrance of textile products; According to this has been proposed to the sector improvement processes of the productive chain and the enforcement of environmental laws, to competitively enter the European Union. The lack of environmental management has prevented the sector to be competitive in the European Union, due to breach of the rules, requirements and environmental regulations in addition lack of management and corporate responsibility towards the production process, by the earlier, this paper seeks to address the environmental problems of the sector, parameterized on the factors of systemic competitiveness, micro-level, which includes the strengthening of the sector of leather at internal level, which deals with internal environmental policy, innovation, management and improvement in the supply chain, and the level of meso, comprising the externalities of the company, such as environmental legislation, strengthening incentives for the sector and public and private entities. From this, the approach of the research problem it will be qualitative and descriptive in order to conceptualize and define the environmental problem, in addition to emphasizing factors of systemic competitiveness at the level meso and micro.
Implicaciones económicas, sociales y ambientales del uso de energías renovables no convencionales en el sector agrícola colombiano
Amado-Correal, Joan Alejandro; Barrera-García, Paula Andrea; Guzmán-López, Jheison Fernando; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
The processes of globalization and scientific, technological and economic development have generated a growing demand for energy, this has implied a negative impact on the environment if we take into account that today most of the energy sources are produced by fossil resources and extractive processes that cause irreversible damage to the planet; in order to mitigate the impact caused by these sources, there has been an increase in global interest in using Non-Conventional Renewable Energies (NCRE) as a method to replace the use of fossil fuels for energy generation in production processes worldwide. One of the sectors with the greatest energy needs in Colombia is the agricultural sector, which requires energy sources that guarantee clean and environmentally sustainable production in order to improve the quality of life of peasants. This research had a qualitative approach that allowed recognizing how NCRE can be implemented in the Colombian agricultural sector, identifying the opportunities and threats of its implementation in the economic, social and environmental fields. Among the opportunities are promotion programs, guild participation or foreign direct investment, on the other hand, as threats for the execution of projects that involve NCRE, are the high costs of implementation, the difficulties of state financial approval, the lack of training and technification of the field and the climate change.
Oportunidad comercial de exportar sandía colombiana al mercado italiano
Machuca-Infante, Marlly Paola; Vélez-Santamaria, Oscar Eduardo; Heredia-Gómez, Yeimy Andrea; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
This research focuses on analyzing the commercial opportunity to export Colombian watermelon to the Italian market, having as specific objectives the identification of the production and value chain of watermelon in Colombia, describing the watermelon market in Italy and the environment for its commercialization, and the identification of strengths and obstacles in Colombia for its commercialization. The research is carried out taking as a reference the theory of systemic competitiveness of Esser Klaus. The research had a qualitative approach of descriptive and interpretive scope, which found the necessary factors to increase the arrival of the product to foreign markets such as Italy. They identified the strengths that the country possesses, such as topographic conditions and sources of competitive advantage in production. Likewise, the best method to enter the Italian market is described, which is governed by the protocols for negotiations. Finally, we will determine the main strengths and obstacles to commercialize the product in Italy in which the experience in the export of fruits is the main strength of Colombia, there are producers that have certifications of good agricultural practices to ensure a good access to foreign markets, and where the main obstacle is that Spain, a nearby country in the region, is currently the main exporter of the fruit to Italy.
Oportunidad comercial para exportar muebles fabricados con madera recuperada de carretes hacia Estados Unidos
Varón-Hernández, Paula Andrea; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
This degree work analyzes the commercial opportunity to export furniture made from wood recycled from reels to the United States. The current situation of the global furniture sector is described and related to Green Businesses, as well as the global consumption of furniture and the main exporters and importers. This consumption generates an environmental problem because, there is greater deforestation of forests to obtain wood, causing loss of biodiversity and increasing the chances of desertification of these areas (totally dry environment). The business seeks to promote environmental and innovative awareness and the reduction of wood consumption in furniture by offering a product with recycled material. The research is qualitative and descriptive since it aims to evaluate the characteristics of a particular situation, in this case, of the furniture sector at national and international level. Through the analysis of the information obtained from secondary sources, it is possible to show that there is an opportunity to export furniture with recycled material to the United States since the tastes and characteristics of consumers are focused on ecological furniture; that is, those that have a minimal impact on the environment.
Oportunidad comercial para la exportación de bioetanol al mercado canadiense
Martín Sánchez, Estefanía; Aguilar Galeano, Estibaliz
The increase in the cost of fossil fuels and the reduction of the reserves affect world energy security. In addition global warming caused by greenhouse gases that come from burning fossil fuels, this has generated great interest for seeking sources of renewable and alternative energy in which stands out the bioethanol. The purpose of this research is to establish the commercial opportunities that the Colombian production of bioethanol has to make inroads into the Canadian market, given that Canada is a country with high level, one of the main consumers of this product, and Colombia has a free trade agreement with this country, which gives you a tariff of 0% to be admitted. For the development of this research and achieve the proposed objective an analysis with qualitative descriptive approach about bioethanol in Colombia and the opportunities that this producers have access to the Canadian market. It is concluded that Canada is at a time when you need to meet the demand for bioethanol and continue with the proposed objectives of GHG reduction, this should be exploited by the Colombian producers to position itself in that market.
Plan de mejora para el fortalecimiento del portafolio y fidelización de las empresas afiliadas a la Cámara de Comercio e Industria Colombo Chilena
Bermúdez-Lambraño, Laura Camila; Rocha Alfonso, Andres
The purpose of this project is to develop an improvement plan for the strengthening of the portfolio and the diversification of distribution channels of the Chilean Chamber of Commerce and Industry, since it presents a recession in the provision of its services and little follow-up to companies, making it difficult the loyalty of the affiliates and clients. In order to solve these problems, the analysis is carried out using the logical framework approach matrix, in which the actors participating in the project are identified and from these it is decided who will be the main focus actor and direct beneficiary thereof, in addition An analysis is made through the problem tree where the causes and effects of the presented difficulty are identified, the expected situation, means and ends, in which the problem statement is established, in addition to relating the solution alternatives according to the means. Finally, three strategies are chosen for the improvement plan and the operational plan of the project is carried out in which the activities related to the strategies, managers, resources, budget and final product are explained, the strategies are the construction of technical sheets with the detailed description of the products, the manual of the Orus Data platform as a new service of the Chamber and the formulation of strategies for the creation of social networks in initiative to increase the promotion of the entity and increase the loyalty of companies.

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