Ingeniería Mecatrónica

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Propuesta de diseño de una máquina embaladora de libros de diversas dimensiones
Rodríguez-Peraza, Sergio Andrés; Mendoza-Páez, Jhonson David; Sanabria-Gómez, Juan Nicolas; Guayacundo-Cruz, Wilmer
This research addressed the issue of book packaging in bookstores with home sales, because at times of high flow, a bottleneck is created because the employees are not able to cope with the packaging and delay shipments. The main objective of the paper was to create a proposal for the design of a packaging machine for books of various dimensions. To carry out this work, the system requirements were collected through the development of the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) through interviews, then the design methodology of Karl T. Ulrich was applied, subdividing the problem, generating sketches and filtering them with evaluation matrix to arrive at the final sketch. The machine was subdivided into critical processes and materials, sensors and actuators were chosen for each subsystem by means of multicriteria matrix. It was concluded after the 3D modeling, the mechanical simulations of movement, electronic connection and control, validating the program logic, that a design has been obtained which can be adapted to the different commercial dimensions of the books, preserving the integrity and quality of the bookstore, with an active and passive security system capable of protecting the machine operator. When performing the financial evaluation, the internal rate of return was 7%, which means that the project is financially sustainable and meets the expectations.
Diseño de invernadero para un cultivo de vegetales
Durango-López, Roberto Carlos; Cruz-Guayacundo, Wilmer
The main objective of this thesis is to develop the first phases of an intelligent greenhouse that allows the cultivation of representative vegetables of Colombian agriculture in order to improve the quality and quantity of indoor crops in the country. In order to carry out this project, we first identified several problems of the country's agricultural crops and through interviews we were able to identify the requirements requested by farmers in order to propose a satisfactory solution. With these factors, the design methodology was implemented, which initially contemplates the selection of the type of greenhouse to be developed by means of decision matrices, then the QFD quality house was used to define the product and the conceptual design was made to select the concept to be worked on, then the detailed design was made to analyze the selected concept, followed by 3D modeling with Autodesk Inventor software in which the safety factor analysis and the deformation that may occur were made, and finally the design was brought to reality by means of a prototype and a physical presentation.
Diseño de sistema automatizado hidropónico capaz de analizar las hortalizas y auto sostenerse con aplicación en él agro colombiano
Lopez-Guerrero, Adrian David; Vargas-Romero, Fabian Felipe; Peñarete-Moreno, Daniel Felipe
This project proposes the development of an automated design for hydroponic vegetable crops, automation is a control system through electromechanical devices that allows to standardize, control and improve processes in various industrial fields, the field in which this work is focused is in Colombian agriculture since this area is one of the most crucial in the country. The design of a reliable process for the manufacturer and the consumer is proposed with a focus on the implementation of 4.0 technology in Colombia. It is not a mystery that traditional agriculture is affected by climate change that constantly occurs on earth due to certain factors that are caused by human beings and consequently make the agricultural sector more and more difficult, making this process more complex; how can you see in his research, (Suárez Perilla, 2019) Currently, climate change has been one of the factors that has prompted the farmer to seek alternatives that allow him to continue with his agricultural work and thus venture into agriculture. food production by improving the techniques for obtaining it and its environmental and economic impact. On the other hand, variables such as temperature, water level and humidity are controlled by automation. These results have a positive impact as field technology is an effective way to reduce costs in the long run. For years hydroponics became the best model for crops, however, these systems present a shortcoming since currently the factors that must be taken into account when creating a hydroponic crop are; aeration capacity, water availability, porosity, particle size, humidity, temperature and PH. The management for these variables is the constant monitoring of the crops by means of operators presenting human failures such as lateness in the revision schedules, errors in the measurements and failure of calculations in the nutrients, thus causing results with different types of quality, mistimes in harvests and lower yields in vegetable production. For this reason, a design is developed that solves the research question of this project, this through analysis of variables such as mechanical in terms of nutrient supply through the Bernoulli principle, electronic with the difference in pH that is found in a variety constant and characteristics of hydroponic crops for vegetables all based on data tables, and schedules for the correct realization.
Propuesta de diseño de un sistema de entrenamiento asistido por realidad aumentada para personal de mantenimiento en la industria farmacéutica
Farfán-Carrillo, Rafael Andrés; Beltrán-Roa, Elizabeth
Real advances in ICT technologies are driven by two trends that foster fundamental paradigm shifts in interaction and information processing. On one hand, mobile computing and smartphone technologies provide highly sophisticated platforms that integrate multimodal sensory and powerful CPUs; on the other hand, information is georeferenced and links data to specific locations within our environment. Augmented Reality (AR) has become a key technology as it analyzes sensor data (camera, GPS, inertial) to derive the detailed pose of the mobile system, correlating our real environment with georeferenced information space. Therefore, AR performs a camera-based interaction that merges computer vision with computer graphics. The significant advantage of utilizing AR for training is that trainees can interact with real-world objects and simultaneously access virtual information for guidance. Thus, they can easily bridge the gap between training and actual tasks. Additionally, they can perform the real task while accessing supplementary training material, facilitating learning.
Diseño y desarrollo de Dron de inspección con sistema topográfico
Orozco-Romero, Andrew; Cruz-Guayacundo, Wilmer
During the internship carried out at the company Anka S.A.S, based at Carrera 69b # 95-26, as part of his degree work, the mechatronic engineer focused on the design of a Topographic Drone. The company, specializing in geospatial solutions for engineering and agricultural projects, provided a conducive environment to apply their scientific knowledge and skills in CAD software and circuit connections acquired throughout their academic training. This real-world experience allowed the student to address technical challenges and contribute to the development of cutting-edge technology in the geospatial field. The internship significantly enriched her skill set and provided her with valuable industry insight. This degree work highlights the importance of the application of academic knowledge in professional contexts and prepares the mechatronic engineer for future challenges in their career.
Propuesta de mejora con un sistema de supervisión en la planta de triturado de piedra de la empresa TRITURADORA BOCAS DEL GUAYURIBA S.A.S
Duran-Moreno, Braider Liniker; Cruz-Guayacundo, Wilmer
Currently, the company does not have the possibility to monitor the general state of the plant, which that has led the staff to handle only corrective maintenance, having as result, greater deterioration of the equipment, greater production losses and costs of maintenance, low reliability and availability of the plant. This is because without the possibility of detecting a problem before the failure occurs, you cannot make a strategic and programmed intervention without affecting the production process of the plant. The company currently does not have process or maintenance indicators, taking into account According to the information provided by the collaborators, the plant has been stopped for 3 or 4 days due to failure of some equipment and for not having the necessary spare parts at the moment, this 6 in the case of damage to critical equipment, for example a motor that suffered an overload and I know burned the winding. In addition, failures such as band misalignment must be taken into account which can take 1 to 2 hours to align, bearing failure which can take 2 to 3 hours the change if you have the spare, if you do not have the machine remains stopped from it time of the failure until getting the spare part, which would be approximately 8 to 24 hours, he mesh change lasts from 4 to 12 hours depending on the number of meshes. These are some of maintenance times lost due to the lack of a supervision system that allows Observe and analyze the state of the equipment according to physical variables such as temperature, amperage, vibration, and thus be able to intervene in a programmed manner without affecting production and not as I know currently does (corrective maintenance). On the other hand, it should be noted that these problems lead to financial losses for the company, production is lost due to plant time stopped, there is an increase in internal and external labor, the costs of spare parts and equipment new, among others.
Propuesta de diseño de un sistema de automatización con un robot industrial para la selección y clasificación del estado de madurez de aguacates Hass para el puesto 147 de la bodega 82 en Corabastos S.A. en la ciudad de Bogotá D.C, Colombia.
Ursola-Carreño, Nicolas Ursola; Alvarez-Murcia, Jonathan-Manuel; Barbosa-Rodríguez, Raúl Alejandro
This project is based on a proposal of a system with an industrial robot, capable of automating a process in a specific area, more exactly in the post 147 of the warehouse 82, in the marketplace of Corabastos S.A. south of the city of Bogotá D.C - Colombia, the process consists of the selection and classification of Hass avocado in its mature and immature state, all this in order that the merchant obtains certain benefits with this proposal such as, time optimization, speed, accuracy, greater efficiency and efficiency during the process. The automated process will start from a hopper, where the avocados are housed and then taken to a conveyor belt equipped with their respective instrumentation, additionally there is a camera implemented which will determine the state of the fruits through a previously programmed neural network, sends the data obtained to establish the decision of product classification, finally the Delta type industrial robot interprets these signals and performs the action to sort the avocado in baskets depending on their state of maturity to complete the process of selection and classification according to the state of this.
Construcción de un prototipo para la gestión de almacén, dirigido a pequeñas y medianas empresas usando un brazo robótico antropomórfico y un robot agv
Rivera-Rincon, Daniel Fernando; Espitia-Camacho, Johan Camilo; Fernandez-Chaparro, Duvan Leonardo; Serrano-Puerto, Wilson Javier
In this document, the objective was to build a scale prototype for warehouse management, aimed to small and medium-sized companies, using a robotic arm and an AGV robot. As a starting point, several investigations of related topics were carried out, in addition to collecting useful information to complete the objective of the project, the design thinking methodology was followed, to make the plans, program the prototype, build it and finally test it. Likewise, some parameters were established for its proper implementation in a real warehouse environment; the prototype worked properly during the tests, where it also revealed possible improvements in its design that are left available for future projects such as the addition of an extra degree of freedom, as well as building the system and testing it in real environments, in addition to making a comparison between warehouses in which it is implemented against others that have not done it.
Propuesta de implementación de paneles fotovoltaicos en el sistema de iluminación de la empresa Policrometal S.A.S.
Casadiego-Casadiego, David Ernesto; Gama-Amaya, Harvey David Andrés; Proaño-Guarín, Jhon Sebastian; Garcia- Aguilar, Jacklyn Carol
A proposal was made for the implementation of photovoltaic panels in the company Policrometal S.A.S. to meet the needs of the lighting system. to meet the needs in the lighting system, this in order to verify how viable would be the implementation of these solar panels as opposed to other types of renewable energy, for this point we look for the types of energy used in Colombia, in addition to the most used renewable energy at the national level and make a comparison between them, where by issues of peak hours and radiation was more advantageous to use photovoltaic panels with 21% effectiveness compared to other technologies, this because the climate in different seasons would still be efficient for obtaining energy through a photovoltaic system thanks to the evolution that have undergone photovoltaic modules and allow a variety in terms of obtaining energy, either by radiation or heat concentration, in order to establish the composition and which components are present in its structure, in the same way to have present the legal issue that is important on the excess energy, its installation and operation and other factors linked to this in order to arrive at their respective countermeasure or process to be performed in such cases, also the mathematical modeling was performed where the necessary variables are provided to find how much energy is obtained during the day and find its effectiveness, In addition to its simulation using various software to justify the values obtained where fundamental issues such as its inclination, how much energy will be obtained daily, monthly and annually and already be able to give a conclusion of how much is consumed and at the same time how much would be saved with respect to what the company normally consumed with domestic energy supplied by the local grid company.
Propuesta de un prototipo de parqueadero automatizado tipo torre, enfocado en reducir la escasez de espacios de estacionamiento en Bogotá.
Ramírez-Lara, Andrés Felipe; Bonilla-Bermúdez, Diego Andrés; Peñarete-Moreno, Daniel Felipe
In Bogotá, mobility has always been a subject of debate, driven by the high volume of vehicles circulating in the city and the limited availability of parking spaces. This study proposes a solution to the parking space problem in Bogotá by analyzing the behavior of residents in their daily commutes, identifying high-demand areas, the approximate number of vehicles requiring parking, and the spaces available to accommodate them. Based on this analysis, the study defines the most suitable parking structure through the construction of a functional prototype and an industrial proposal for the materials to be used, grounded in the prototype's instrumentation. The construction of the prototype and the analysis of high-demand areas for parking in Bogotá were carried out to identify, in quantitative terms, the instrumentation required for an optimal and automated process. Additionally, the study determined the number of parking spaces each building could accommodate, the weight, model, and limitations of the vehicles using the system, structural considerations, and the return on investment.
Propuesta y diseño de máquina que toma dimensiones de cajas y realiza seguimiento de despachos en la empresa Truck Shop by Parts
Garzón-Romero, Sebastián; Barbosa-Rodríguez, Raul Alejandro
Knowing that man daily becomes more complex and demands attention to his work or his products, besides acquiring many more needs than before; in this way the CMM not only can (and does) meet man's requirements with respect to measuring and parameterize complex parts or objects; the same requirement and need that the Truck Shop by Parts company wants to remedy with the implementation and design of an MMC; but also allow a boost in the development of new areas that allow, for example and as is the case here, to reduce costs in the company. Therefore, the measuring instrument, as well as its study and manufacture, in addition to its development and understanding is an important and fundamental link in a chain of human needs for the development of its specific field, be it business or engineering; therefore, this project focuses its efforts not only on the reproduction of this content, also focuses its objective in terms of socioeconomic development that provides the company Truck Shop by Parts, not only in Ibague, but in Colombia, its market competition and also adhere to research and development.
Propuesta de un sistema de tendido textil semiautomático para la empresa MACJU.
Martinez-Florez, Daniel Felipe; Puentes-Baron, Jesus Alberto; Peñarete-Moreno, Daniel Felipe
In the search to automate a critical process for the textile company MACJU, it is carried out carried out this research, taking as a starting point a complete understanding of the company processes, its requirements and the economic factor. The design of a structure is carried out with the help of CAD Inventor software, which includes a roll holder structure and a mechanical system that allows the horizontal movement of the cart laying along the cutting table, with two clamping mechanisms installed on the laying cart and at the end of the table to prevent the fabric from creasing or losing the position of the laying. Sensors and pneumatic actuators are used to automate the process with the help of a PLC, programmed in ladder language, allowing to reduce installation time and employees necessary to do it. The implementation of this project represents for the MACJU company a reduction of payroll expenses and an increase in company productivity. Being a great option for a company that seeks to automate its processes and reduce production times.
Prototipo de un robot móvil con identificador de residuos
Angel-Leal, Jeisson Mauricio; Hernández-Barrera, Juan Felipe; Orjuela-Peña, Julián Leonardo; Cruz-Guayacundo, Wilmer
The identification of waste is one of the factors that impact society in terms of proper waste distribution, with a significant amount ending up in inadequate trash bins, thus resulting in an inefficient distribution of elements. With current technology, this issue can be addressed in various ways, one of which is the implementation of a mobile robot capable of identifying certain solid waste through artificial intelligence. Focusing on its implementation at the Agustiniana University, the resolution 2184 of 2019 in Colombia is considered as a guide for waste classification to enable the robot's identification capabilities. This study specifies the type of waste according to the mentioned resolution and the elements to be identified, the components of industrial instrumentation used for the prototype's construction, the proposed mechanical structure, and finally, the validation of the mobile robot.
Prototipo de un robot para el Almacenaje y Distribución de Productos en un almacén especifico con estanterías adaptadas
Ortiz-Noguera, Jonny Alberto; Barbosa-Rodríguez, Raúl Alejandro
Currently, the warehousing and distribution process is highly complex, as well as time-consuming for workers to move from one place to another. and a great loss of time on the part of the workers when moving from one place to another within the warehouse to identify a specific package (merchandise). within the warehouse to later identify a particular package (Merchandise), The time increases in proportion to the size of the warehouse and the number of packages, with the development of automation and robotics. with the development of automation and robotics is trying to improve the warehousing and distribution process by means of mobile robots. and distribution process, by means of programmed mobile robots, with the capacity to perceive the acceleration or vibration, as well as the acceleration or vibration, as well as being controlled by a person to eliminate wasted time and improve the efficiency of and improve the efficiency of warehousing and distribution in almost any warehouse. the document you will find the breakdown of this problem and its respective proposal to solve the problem. solution to the problem.
Propuesta de automatización de control eléctrico con implementación de un sistema fotovoltaico e IoT en una emisora en un municipio colombiano
Pineda-Aparicio, Valeria; Ortiz-Alvarado, Samuel Alejandro; Beltrán-Roa, Elizabeth
The following degree work was carried out in order to develop an improvement proposal, which plans to solve a current electrical problem in a radio company in the municipality of Colombia, likewise the innovation of the station is proposed through the application of an automated electrical control system that offers the virtues of industry 4.0, in this case with the implementation of IoT (Internet of things); in the same way it will be environmentally friendly, since it has a photovoltaic power generation system renewable energy. These processes will be implemented with the purpose of achieving a positive impact on the radio company providing versatility in the operation, because the equipment will work properly avoiding damages and deficiencies, it will be reflected in increased revenue, reduced additional costs and downtime for repair or interruption of transmission. This document will have an introduction of the contents of the work, where a brief contextualization of the difficulty to be addressed will be made, in a concise manner to provide understanding to the reader. Next, the research problem will be found, where the background that was taken into account to address the different areas proposed to solve the problem will be observed. Finally, all the theory, variables and instruments necessary to give way to the automation proposal will be explained.
Diseño de una máquina para automatizar el proceso de tajado de quesos doble crema y mozzarella para la distribuidora AWE S.A.S
Salazar-Rodriguez, Cristian David; Acevedo-Cortes, Stephany Alejandra; Erazo-Prieto, Valeria Andrea; Cruz-Guayacundo, Wilmer
This project breaks down the execution, analysis, realization, installation and design of an automatic heavy cream and mozzarella cheese slicing machine that is in charge of improving and automating, which develops the mechanical, electronic and control design. Emphasis is placed on the selection of equipment that make the process efficient and that together with the mechanical design fully perform the mentioned process, elements implemented and selected from a rigorous and detailed analysis so that these sensors and actuators are based on requirements and fundamentals of quality from the analysis of industrial instrumentation, ensuring that they are suitable for this kind of implementation and that provide an integral machine that meets the needs of the distributor AWE S.A.S. The functional project of the machine was completely carried out leading to the correct practice of the theory presented in this project, making a functional heavy cream and mozzarella cheese slicing machine applied to the food industry and that executes the process automatically, ensuring the safety and integrity of the operator and the equipment of the machine.
Prototipo de casillero con control de acceso con tecnologías de bajo costo por medio de la identificación universitaria con registro en una base de datos para los usuarios de la universitaria agustiniana sede tagaste
Florez-Llorente, Cristian de Jesus; Castelblanco-Longas, Thomas; Barbosa-Rodrigez, Raúl Alejandro
The central objective of the document is to design and create a prototype of a locker with access control through RFID technology that records the usage information in a database, said access control is supervised through a database. To carry out this, various problems of insecurity and misuse of traditional lockers within the Tagaste facility were first identified. This was confirmed through a survey applied to students and administrative staff, some situations of insecurity and damage to lockers such as locks and keys were identified. With these factors, a locker is proposed that solves the problems of feelings of insecurity, misuse and that reduces damage and/or possible losses, thus increasing their effectiveness and ease of use. As a solution, it is proposed to use the university card, since it is a personal and non-transferable resource, in addition to having RFID technology that is used to enter the facility. This same card must be used by the user to access and use the locker. The system to be implemented will be a quote and joint work with the company Bosch security systems since currently at the Tagaste headquarters the entrance through turnstiles and access to the rooms handles software and hardware from this company. However, the prototype cannot carry devices from this company due to contracting issues and terms of service. The construction of the low-cost prototype at the hardware level has an electric lock, an RFID reader to read the ID of a card other than the institutional card and an ESP32 programmed in Arduino IDE which allows communication and control between the devices and connection to a database. data reflecting locker activity, as well as allowing locker monitoring on authorized equipment. This with the objective of having a prototype of a locker with low-cost technologies that demonstrates greater confidence, ease of use for the user, and better administration, control, and faster and more effective solutions for those in charge of the lockers compared to a traditional locker.
Implementación de un prototipo de invernadero autónomo con monitoreo de temperatura y humedad, controlado por medio de herramientas de la industria 4.0.
Ordoñez-Duran, Tatiana Valentina; Tolosa-Sanchez, Luis Felipe; Peñarete, Daniel Felipe
The present research work includes all the documentation pertinent to the development of the specific objectives exposed. Each objective involves a strategy, methodology or solution technique, knowing this, the design and stress simulation of the mechanical structure of an ellipse type greenhouse by means of Autodesk Inventor 2022 software will be evidenced, then the choice of the instrumentation was carried out by means of engineering criteria tables comparing the devices with others of the same segments, this and the above was carried out based on a table of requirements. On the other hand, the step by step to implement the prototype was written, based on the parameters of the 3D assembly drawings, then it is shown how the control and power circuit was made in addition to exposing how the transfer equation, simulation and tuning of a PID control was obtained by means of MATLAB R2022b software tools. Additionally, a chapter on the comparison of two crops is presented; one that is outdoors in environmental conditions and another one that was developed within the controlled environment created internally in the prototype. Finally, costs, conclusions and recommendations for future related research are attached.
Propuesta de diseño de un sistema de un parqueadero automatizado para bicicletas con control de acceso RFID en el campus Tagaste de la Universitaria Agustiniana Bogotá.
Herrera-Jimenez, Santiago; Diosa-López, David Ronaldo; Rodriguez-Gomez, Andrés Felipe; Barbosa-Rodríguez, Raul Alejandro
The central objective of this work is to propose a design for an automated parking lot system with RFID access control at the Tagaste campus of the Agustinian University. To carry out the selection, one of a mechanism was made, which allows taking advantage of the space of the current cycle parking, and, through a CAD design, a security element similar to a lock that is activated by institutional cards was elaborated, this thanks to RFID technology. For this, the necessary elements to create an access control system were identified, and, subsequently, the AxtraxNG software will be limited to store the data obtained in its database and conditional power such as Antipassback, allowing the spaces to be assigned to a single Username. Additionally, the necessary requirements for the implementation of said technology within the Agustinian University were investigated, and a budget matrix was presented for each proposal, where values of $6,585,410 and $5,506,228 were obtained.
Propuesta para implementar el nuevo túnel de congelamiento de la extrusora en la empresa meals de colombia s. a. s.
Mendoza-Gonzalez, Alvaro Rafael; Cruz-Guayacundo, Wilmer
The freezing tunnel of extruder 3 in the company Meals de Colombia S.A.S presents a deterioration in its structure and design due to a pronounced unevenness in the ground that is the product of wear and freezing over the years, which makes that there are inconveniences in the production and also represent a risk for the workers, as well as for the surrounding community. This project proposes an integrated solution thinking about the needs of the company, which goes through a number of parameters and characteristics to understand the operation of the freezing tunnels and their use, also to understand that they must have a good operation and must be well established when executing their respective activities so that they are carried out satisfactorily. It is a project that seeks step by step to implement a new freezing tunnel with all its tools and improvements to replace the current tunnel that has suffered problems over the years. In this way, the company Meals de Colombia is dedicated to the manufacture of frozen foods, ice creams and popsicles with a production close to 6000 pieces or units per hour, 7 days a week, which makes the implementation of a good freezing tunnel and a good coupling of machines at the production site to be able to operate correctly and with all the security measures with a good and efficient quality process.