Especialización en Gestión Ambiental para el Desarrollo Sostenible

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Browsing Especialización en Gestión Ambiental para el Desarrollo Sostenible by Author "Díaz-Ospina, Laura Carolina"

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    Análisis comparativo de sistemas de tratamiento de agua para la remoción de 17αmetiltestosterona (17-MT) en efluentes piscícolas en cultivo de tilapia (Oreochromis spp.), bajo criterios de sostenibilidad
    Mora-Calderón, Anny Karina; Díaz-Ospina, Laura Carolina
    Aquaculture stands out as an efficient option for producing high-quality food, in which water and sediment quality play a crucial role. This study focused on comparing different water treatment systems for the removal of 17-MT. Initially, five treatment technologies were identified: activated sludge, oxidation ponds, membrane bioreactors (MBRs), constructed wetlands, and recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). These alternatives were analyzed from a theoretical perspective, consolidating the information into a technical support matrix. Subsequently, a multi-criteria matrix was applied to the alternatives for each system, considering the three evaluation criteria and their weighting: environmental (40%), economic (30%), and social (30%), for a total of 100%. Each criterion was rated on a scale of 1 to 5, and the resulting values ​​were subjected to normalization and weighting processes. The results indicated that constructed wetlands performed best within the context of this research, standing out as the most sustainable alternative for water treatment in aquaculture systems. In contrast, MBR and RAS systems emerged as highly efficient, although more expensive and requiring technological dependence, among other factors.
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    Análisis de normativas en el manejo de residuos de envases y embalajes de agroquímicos en Antioquia en el periodo 2020-2024
    Acosta-Díaz, Rafael Antonio; Higuera-Calderón, Mireya Maricsa; Díaz-Ospina, Laura Carolina
    This research analyzes the regulatory framework governing the management of agrochemical packaging waste in Antioquia during the 2020–2024 period, aiming to identify implementation gaps and propose improvement strategies. Using a qualitative and descriptive-analytical approach, the study concludes that, although Colombia has a solid environmental regulatory framework for hazardous waste management, significant challenges remain in its effective implementation, particularly in rural areas of the department. The findings reveal limitations in post-consumer collection system coverage, insufficient farmer training, weak institutional coordination, and deficiencies in monitoring and enforcement processes. In response, the study proposes strategic guidelines focused on strengthening collection infrastructure, environmental education, information systems, and environmental oversight in order to improve integrated agrochemical waste management and reduce environmental and public health impacts.
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    Descarbonización del Proceso de Calidad del Aire en Inmisión Mediante Cálculo y Gestión de la Huella de Carbono en el “Laboratorio Soluciones en Ingeniería Ambiental de Colombia SAS”
    Ramírez-González, Jherson David; Vargas-Forero, Lizbeth; Barragán-Callejas, Meyvi Angélica; Díaz-Ospina, Laura Carolina
    Within the framework of the air quality monitoring process conducted by Soluciones en Ingeniería Ambiental de Colombia SAS, and with the objective of advancing towards environmental sustainability, the following project proposes the implementation of solar panels to replace the use of conventional energy sources that rely on fossil fuels. Currently, monitoring is carried out using generators that consume approximately two (2) gallons of diesel per 24 hours, contributing to the generation of greenhouse gases. To reduce this impact and carbon footprint, a pilot project is proposed based on the installation of twelve solar panels and five lithium batteries with inverters and regulators to ensure the continuous operation of the equipment.
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    Diseño de un plan de eficiencia energética conforme a la norma ISO 50001 y los principios del desarrollo sostenible en empresa de transporte público de pasajeros en Medellín
    Romero-Hernández, Andrés Santiago; Sepúlveda-Otálvaro, Angie Juliana; Díaz-Ospina, Laura Carolina
    The purpose of this study was to conduct an energy audit of a public passenger transport company located in Medellín, Colombia, to establish a baseline for energy consumption, identify critical processes, and propose improvement actions to strengthen energy efficiency in its operations, in accordance with the ISO 50001:2018 standard. To this end, average monthly energy consumption was analyzed, the processes with the greatest impact were categorized, and indirect CO2e emissions associated with energy use were estimated. The analysis allowed for the proposal of improvement strategies focused on optimizing the energy load of electric buses, modernizing lighting systems, and strengthening energy awareness among staff. Furthermore, the study contributes to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by promoting more efficient energy use and helping to reduce the carbon footprint of the operation. These findings demonstrate that the implementation of energy management systems (EnMS) provides a robust foundation for future research aligned with the ISO 50001 standard.
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    Diseño de un plan de eficiencia energética conforme a la norma ISO 50001 y los principios del desarrollo sostenible en empresa de transporte público de pasajeros en Medellín
    Romero-Hernández, Andrés Santiago; Sepúlveda-Otálvaro, Angie Juliana; Díaz-Ospina, Laura Carolina
    The purpose of this study was to carry out an energy diagnosis in a public passenger transport company located in the city of Medellín to establish a baseline of energy consumption, identify critical processes, and propose improvement actions that enhance energy efficiency in its operations in line with the ISO 50001:2018 standard. To achieve this, the average monthly energy consumption was analyzed, the processes with the greatest impact were categorized, and the indirect CO2e emissions associated with energy use were estimated. The analysis allowed for the proposal of improvement strategies aimed at optimizing the energy load of electric buses, modernizing lighting systems, and strengthening the energy culture among staff. Furthermore, the study contributes to the achievement of the sustainable development goals by promoting a more efficient use of energy and helping to reduce the carbon footprint within the operation. These findings demonstrate that the implementation of energy management systems (EnMS) provides a solid foundation for future research that aligns with the ISO 50001 standard.
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    Estrategia de gestión ambiental para la conservación de zonas potenciales de recarga de acuíferos en la vereda Barandillas, Zipaquirá
    Méndez-Bernal, Mayury Yuelimi; Díaz-Ospina, Laura Carolina
    The present study formulated an environmental management strategy for the conservation of potential aquifer recharge zones in the Barandillas village, municipality of Zipaquirá, Cundinamarca. The study was developed using secondary information, thematic cartography, and spatial analysis in Geographic Information Systems. The identification of potential recharge zones was carried out based on the methodology adopted by Resolution 0017 of 2026 and the Methodological Guide for the Identification of Potential Aquifer Recharge Zones, integrating variables such as lithology, land cover, soils, faults, lineament density, drainage density, connectivity, and the Topographic Wetness Index (MinAmbiente et al., 2025). The criteria were normalized on a scale from 0 to 1 and weighted through the combination of the CRITIC and AHP methods. The final index presented values between 0.0638 and 0.7371; therefore, very low, low, medium, and high potential recharge categories were identified, with no presence of the very high category. Subsequently, the anthropogenic activities present in the area were analyzed, and their potential impacts were assessed using the Arboleda matrix (2008). The results made it possible to prioritize impacts associated with impermeabilization, soil compaction, vegetation cover degradation, diffuse pollution, and alteration of infiltration processes. Finally, management, conservation, restoration, and environmental monitoring guidelines were proposed to protect the areas with the highest recharge potential and the greatest anthropogenic pressure.
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    Planteamiento de una estrategia integral de sostenibilidad para la gestión de residuos sólidos en zonas rurales: caso del corregimiento Cruces en el municipio de Dabeiba – Antioquia
    Hernández-Pineda, Yeny Paola; Díaz-Ospina, Laura Carolina
    This research describes the problem of the current management of solid waste in the Cruces district of the municipality of Dabeiba – Antioquia, where the local government does not provide waste collection services. As a result, residents have adopted various disposal practices, with open burning being the most prevalent. The overall objective was to design a comprehensive sustainability strategy to strengthen solid waste management, based on a diagnosis of current practices and the environmental, social and economic factors in the rural context. The methodology employed a mixed-methods approach, using techniques such as direct observation, surveys administered to households in the district, and a participatory workshop with students from the local educational institution. The results revealed a lack of knowledge about proper waste management, the presence of environmentally unsound practices, and a high level of community willingness to participate in collective solutions. Based on these findings, a strategy was proposed that focuses on environmental education, the participation of various stakeholders, and the promotion of sustainability and circular economy principles. It is concluded that strengthening solid waste management requires not only technical solutions, but also sustained educational and participatory processes that transform behaviors and promote community actions tailored to the district.