Propuesta de un manual de gestión de comportamientos seguros para los trabajadores de montajes de estructuras metálicas de la empresa celik construcciones metálicas

Abstract

This study addresses occupational safety challenges at CELIK Construcciones Metálicas, a metalworking construction company where workers repeatedly engaged in risky behaviors—improper PPE use, failure to anchor at heights, overconfidence, and task improvisation—despite having documented procedures and a functioning SG-SST in place, suggesting the core problem was not the absence of rules but a lack of genuine ownership over them. A diagnostic instrument was applied to 76 operational workers (sample from 120; 95% confidence level, 7% margin of error), revealing critical knowledge gaps: only 68.4% correctly identified required PPE, 73.7% answered accurately on load-lifting procedures, and 76.3% knew the incident reporting protocol, while hot work (95%) and housekeeping (89.5%) showed stronger understanding. Based on these findings, a Safe Behavior Management Manual was developed, grounded in Behavior-Based Safety (BBS) principles and Meliá’s (2007) Triconditional Theory, incorporating participatory activities, attention-management exercises, and preventive infographics targeting the three identified risk factors. The proposal aims to shift safety from an externally imposed obligation to a genuine organizational value, addressing the human factor through positive reinforcement and active worker involvement. Keywords: behavior-based safety, safe behaviors, metal structure assembly, preventive culture, SG-SST, BBS.