Desórdenes musculoesqueléticos en trabajadores de call center una mirada desde la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo. Musculoskeletal disorders in call center workers: a look at prevalence and risk factors.

Abstract

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are one of the main occupational health problems in activities that involve prolonged exposure to computer equipment and performing repetitive tasks, specifically in sectors such as call centers, which have shown considerable growth within the outsourced services industry, creating job opportunities, but at the same time generating working conditions associated with ergonomic risks; although this type of work is usually considered low physical risk, remaining in static postures, repetitive movements of hands and wrists, forced positions of the neck and shoulders, and organizational demands, such as high work pace and limited breaks, can favor the appearance of MSDs. therefore, the present monograph aims to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and the risk factors associated with their occurrence in call center workers, through the synthesis and chronological organization of the available evidence, seeking an integration of dispersed information in the sector; the results showed that the most common MSDs are cervical pain and low back pain, mainly affecting the neck and back, finding a high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in this population. On the other hand, regarding risk factors, the influence of ergonomic, organizational, and psychosocial conditions was identified, highlighting the multifactorial nature of these disorders in the work environment. Keyword: Musculoskeletal disorders, ergonomics, risk factors, call center, prevalence.