Sistema de adquisición y monitoreo de variables agrometeorológicas en un cultivo de orellanas

Abstract

This project aims to design and implement a telemetry system for monitoring agrometeorological variables in a Pleurotus ostreatus (orellana) mushroom crop at Colegio María Curie, providing a technological solution to replace manual monitoring. Low-cost sensors, microcontrollers, and low-power communication protocols were integrated to measure temperature, humidity, luminosity, and CO₂ levels in real time, optimizing growth conditions. The system evolved through three phases: first, a Raspberry Pi with Node-RED and a Telegram bot, limited by permanent internet dependency; second, a LoRa point-to-point architecture that improved independence but lacked scalability; and finally, the integration into the school’s private LoRaWAN Gateway network with Firebase storage, enabling simultaneous multi-node connections, real-time access, and centralized data management. Results demonstrate that IoT technologies in agriculture are viable, cost-effective, and replicable for small-scale crops, enhancing productivity, supporting decision-making, and reducing losses.