Incidencia de los estándares de calidad, medidas fitosanitarias y eslabones del proceso productivo para la exportación de frutas, hortalizas y aceite de palma con destino a los Estados Unidos

Abstract

This research paper analyzes the incidence of phytosanitary requirements and quality standards that fruits, vegetables and palm oil need in their production and commercialization process towards the national and international market - specifically destined for the US. To do this, the export requirements for each of the fruits and vegetables are initially described, classifying the levels of demand in high, medium and low according to USDA information and information provided by the Colombian Agricultural Institute (ICA), added to this The evolution of the commercial dynamics for these products is shown taking into account its trade balance and the growth rates presented in the 2010-2018 period. Finally, the most important actions for improvements in agricultural production processes are identified from the case of oil palm in two projects such as Palmar and Horizon, these actions were derived from semi-structured interviews with farmers and former Minister Rubén Darío Lizarralde where it stands out: the promotion of associations or cooperatives that give farmers price advantages in accessing agricultural inputs to not only increase crop yields but also comply with the sanitary requirements established in the commercial relationship with the US.